Giáo án môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 - Unit 16: Inventions

Period 98 - 103 	 	Unit 16: inventions
A. Functions
- Saying what something was like.
- Talking about processes.
- Writing about a process.
B. Grammar Points
	- The passive forms.
	- Sequence markers.
C. Unit allocation
Lesson 1
Getting started + Listen and read
P. 147-149
Lesson 2
Speak
P. 149-150
Lesson 3
Listen
P. 150-151
Lesson 4
Read
P. 151-152
Lesson 5
Write
P. 152-153
Lesson 6
Language focus
P. 154-155
Period 98:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 1:	Getting started + Listen and read p.147-149
Planning date:	24 / 4 / 2007
I/ Aims
- To help students read the text about the development of paper and how to produce chocolate for details.
II/ Objectives
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
+ understand the text for details.
+ know the development of paper making and talk about the process of producing chocolate.
III/ Materials
	- Textbook, pictures in the textbook, tape and cassette player.
IV/ Procedures
1/ Warmer	
* Ordering Pictures and statements	Getting started P.147	
	- New words:
	+ papyrus:	c©y cãi giÊy, giÊy cãi
	+ wood pulp: bét giÊy
	- Students read the statements A)-E) and match these stages in the development of paper with the correct pictures a)-e).
	Answer key
	A + b	B + c	C + e	D + a	E + d
2/ Pre Reading
* Pre teach vocabulary
	- the manufacturing process : quy tr×nh / qu¸ tr×nh s¶n xuÊt
	- (to) crush :	nghiÒn n¸t, ®Ëp vôn
	- (to) liquify :	lµm thµnh n­íc, thµnh chÊt láng
	- a mold :	c¸i khu«n
	- the conveyor belt :	b¨ng truyÒn, b¨ng t¶i
	- ingredient : 	thµnh phÇn
* Rub out and Remember to check understanding.
* Pre questions	
	- What is the chocolate manufacturing process?
3/ While reading
* Matching	Listen and read 2 P.149
	- Students read and match the half-sentences.
	Answer key
The beans are cleaned before being cooked.
Mr. Roberts thought Tim and Sam were going to touch the button.
After cooking, the cacao beans smell like chocolate.
Sugar is one of the ingredients in chocolate.
Mrs. Allen warned Sam to leave some chocolate for others.
A sample of chocolate is given after visitors have toured the factory.
* Checking prediction
	- Students read the text again and answer the pre-question. 
Answer key
The cacao beans are washed, weighed and cooked.
The shells are removed.
The beans are crushed and liquified.
Cocoa butter is added, along with sugar, vanilla and milk.
The mixture is ground, rolled and poured into molds.
* Practice the dialogue
	- In groups of four, students practice the dialogue.
4/ Post reading
* Write it up
 - Students write the chocolate manufacturing process using the word in the box.
First	Then	Next	After that	Finally
	First, the cacao beans 
6/ Homework
- Learn the new words by heart.
- Learn the chocolate manufacturing process by heart.
Period 99:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 2:	speak p.149-150
Planning date:	27 / 4 / 2007
I/ Aims
Further practice in the passive forms (the past simple tense).
II/ Objectives
- By the end of the lesson, students will be able to talk about some inventions using the passive form of the past simple.
III/ Materials
	- Textbook, pictures in the textbook, workbook.
IV/ Procedures
1/ Revision 	(team work)
Get students to talk about the chocolate manufacturing process.
2/ Pre speaking
* Pre teach vocabulary
	- the facsimile :	b¶n fax
	- the reinforced concrete: bª t«ng cèt thÐp
	- the loudspeaker :	loa phãng thanh
	- the Helicopter :	m¸y bay lªn th¼ng
	- the optical fiber :	sîi thuû tinh máng (trong ngµnh sîi quang häc)
* Presentation dialogue	Speak 1 P.149
	Student A:	When was the facsimile invented?
	Student B:	It was invented in 1843.
	Student A:	Who was it invented by?
	Student B:	By Alexander Bain.
* Model sentences
	- It was invented in 1843.
	- It was invented by Alexander Bain.
3/ While speaking
* Grid	Speak 1 P.149
	- Student A use information on page 150 and student B uses information on page 156.
	- In pairs, student A and B ask and answer questions to fill in the missing information in their tables as the dialogue presented.
	Answer key
invention
date
inventor
nationality
Printing Press
1810
Friedrich Koenig
German
Bicycle
1816
Karl D. Sauerbronn
German
Facsimile
1843
Alexander Bain
English
Sewing machine
1845
Elias Howe
American
Reinforced concrete
1849
F.J. Monier
French
Microphone
1878
D.E. Hughes
American
X-ray
1895
Wilhelm Konarad
German
Loudspeaker
1924
C.W. Rice
American
Helicopter
1939
Igor Sikorsky
American
Color television
1950
Peter Carl Goldmark
American
Optical fiber
1955
Narinder Kapany
German
Laser
1958
Gordon Gould
American
4. Post speaking	
* Write it up
 - Students use the information in the completed grid to write the full sentences.
	Example statements
The printing press was invented by Friedrich Koenig in 1810.
The bicycle was invented by Karl D. Sauerbronn in 1816.
The facsimile was invented by Alexander Bain in 1843.
5/ Homework
- Do exercise ... on page  in the workbook.
Period 100:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 3:	listen p. 150-151
Planning date:	28 / 4 / 2007
I/ Aims of the lesson:
To help students listen and read for information about papermaking and inventions.
II/ Objectives:
	By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
+ improve their listening skill and to know more about the process of papermaking.
III/ Materials:
	Textbook, workbook, tape and cassette player, coloured chalk. 
IV/ Ways of working:
	Teacher - Whole class, individuals, pair work, team work
V/ Anticipated problems:
The listening text may be difficult for students to understand.
VI/ Procedures:
1. Revision	
- Get students to talk about the development of paper presented in getting started.
2. Pre listening
* Pre teach vocabulary 
(to) drain : 	lµm rót n­íc	
the vat : 	bÓ chøa
the roller :	m¸y c¸n, con l¨n
3. While listening 
* Gap fill	Listen 1 P.150-151
	- Students listen and fill in the gaps in these sentences given.
	Answer key
simple
same
two hundred
left
rollers
* Ordering statements
	- Students listen to the text and put the sentences into the correct order.
	Answer key 
c/ Paper pulp was placed in the vat.
d/ Paper pulp was mixed with water.
a/ The water was drained.
e/ The pulp fibers were poured out.
g/ The pulp was conveyed under the rollers.
f/ The fibers were smoothed and pressed dry.
b/ The paper was put on a roll.
4. Post listening 
* Write it up	
	- Get students to write the process of papermaking on their own words. Using these sequence markers: First, then, next, after that and finally.
5/ Homework 
	- Do exercise . in the Workbook.
Period 101:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 4:	read p.151-152
Planning date:	28 / 4 / 2007
I/ Aims
- To help students read the poem about inventions.
II/ Objectives
	- By the end of the lesson, students will be able to improve their reading skill, to understand the poem for details.
III/ Materials
	- Textbook, pictures.
V/ Procedures
1/ Revision 
Students talk about the process of papermaking.
2/ Pre reading
* Pre teach vocabulary
	- a microwave :	lß vi sãng	
	- a toaster :	lß n­íng b¸nh m×	
	- a vacuum :	m¸y hót bôi
	- a hairdryer :	m¸y sÊy tãc
	- a dishwasher :	m¸y röa b¸t ®Üa
* Brainstorming to check understanding.
	a washing machine	a telephone
Household appliances
	a stereo	a vacuum
	a hairdryer	T.V set	
3/ While reading 	Read P.151
* The first reading Task
Matching	Read 1 P.151
- Students read the poem and match the headings to the verses.
Answer key
	- Verse 1:	+	b- Appliances that cook food.
	- Verse 2:	+	c- Appliances that clean or dry things.
	- Verse 3:	+	a- Instrument invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
* The second reading Task
	Gap fill:	Read 2 a)-f) P.152
Students read the poem again and fill in each of the gaps in the sentences with one “invention” in the poem:
Answer key
vacuum
telephone
dishwasher / washing machine
microwave
hairdryer
toaster
4/ Post reading	
* Translation	
	- Students translate the poem into Vietnamese.
5/ Homework
Learn the new words by heart.
Do exercises in the workbook.
Period 102:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 4:	write p.152-153
Planning date:	02 / 5 / 2007
I/ Aims of the lesson:
To help students write about a process.
II/ Objectives:
	By the end of the lesson, students will be able to write about the process of making chocolate.
III/ Materials:
	Textbook, workbook 
IV/ Procedures:
1/ Revision 
	- Students present their writing about the process of papermaking in the post-listening of lesson 3.
2/ Pre writing 
* Pre teach
	- a log : 	
	- (to) flatten :	
	- (to) refine : 	
	- chemically (adv) :
* Rub out and remember to check understanding.
* Gap fill	Write 1 1)-6) P.152
- Get students to fill in the gap with one of these sequence markers to describe the procedure of papermaking.
 	Answer key
First	4. After this
Then	5. Then
Next	6. Finally
Students compare their writing to this.
3/ While Writing 
	Write 2 a)-f) P.153
* Ordering statements
- Students look at the sequence of pictures that describe how Cacao beans are processed and match each picture with a sentence describing it.
Answer key
d- The fruit harvest is fermented for three to nine days to kill the beans and turn them brown.
a- The beans are dried in the sun.
e- The beans are cleared in special machines.
c- The beans are roasted to bring out the chocolate flavor.
b- They are shelled and ground to produce chocolate liquor.
f- The liquor is made into chocolate candy or cocoa powder.
* Writing
	- Get students use the sequence markers in exercise 1 to link the sentences together in a paragraph.
“First, the fruit harvest is fermented for three to nine days to kill the beans and turn them brown. ”
4/ Post writing	
* Correction 
	- Help students to correct their works.
5/ Homework 
- Do exercises in the Workbook.
Period 103:
Unit 16: inventions
Lesson 6:	language focus 	P.154-155 
Planning date:	05 / 5 / 2007
I/ Aims
- To help students with language review of the passive forms.
II/ Objectives
 	- By the end of the lesson, students will be able to change the sentences from the active into the passive and write a paragraph to describe how white rice is produced in the traditional way.
III/ Materials
	- Textbook.
IV/ Procedures
1/ Revision 	
2/ Practice
Language focus 1 a)-e)	P.154
	Transformation Drill
 	- Get students to change the sentences from the active into the passive.
	Example exchange
	S1:	Miss Lien wrote the letter.
	S2:	The letter was written by Miss Lien
	Answer Key
The document was typed by Mrs. Quyen.
The computer was repaired by Mr. Nhan.
The picture was drawn by Ba.
The lights were turned off by Hoa.
The cake was baked by Lan.
Language focus 2 P.154
* Gap fill 	
	- Students use the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete these sentences.
	Answer Key
was awarded
won
ran
was run / was sold
was closed (or: closed)
Language focus 3 a)-e)	P.154-155
	Transformation Drill
 	- Get students to put a question for each of the underlined phrases in the sentences given.
	Answer Key
What was invented by W.L.Judson in 1983.
What was brought into Viet Nam by Phung Khac Khoan?
When was maize brought into Viet Nam?
Who invented the fountain pen?
When was the fountain pen invented?
Where was the ballpoint pen invented?
In which machine is xerography widely used?
Language focus 4	P.155
	Writing
 	- Get students to use the sequence markers to describe how white rice is produced in the traditional way.
	Answer Key
First, the rice crop is harvested. Then the rice plants are threshed (to separate the grains from the straw). Next, the rice grains are husked in the mill to produce brown rice. After this, the bran is removed in the mortar and it is finally winnowed to produce white rice.
4/ Homework
Do exercises in the workbook.
Period 104:
Revision for the second term exam
I/ Aims
- To help students revive the verb forms of the tenses: the present simple, the present progressive, the past simple and the present perfect and the uses of them.
	- To help students do some more exercises.
II/ Materials
	- Textbook, workbook.
III/ Procedures
1/ Presentation
* The present simple
	- Form: V / V-s/-es
	- Use: to talk about general truths, habit and planned future programs.
* The present progressive
	- Form: am / is / are + V-ing
 - Use: to express an activity is happening now, a planned future arrangement.
* The past simple
	- Form: V-ed
	- Use: to express a finished action in the past.
* The present perfect
	- Form: have / has + Past participle
	- Use: to express an action which began in the past and still continues.
2/ Practice
I/ Put the verbs in brackets into the simple present or the present continuous tense.
He usually (drink) coffee but today he (drink) tea
What she (do) in the evening ? ~ She usually (play) cards or (watch) TV.
I won’t go out now as it (rain) and I(not have) an umbrella.
The last train (leave) the station at 11.30.
He usually (speak) so quickly that I (not understand) him.
I (wear) my sunglasses today because the sun is very strong.
Tom can’t have the newspaper now because his aunt (read) it.
I’m busy at the moment. I (redecorate) the sitting room
You always (write) with your left hand ?
You (know) why an apple (fall) down and not up ?
II/ Put the verbs in brackets into the simple past or the past continuous tense.
I (make) a cake when the light went out. I had to finish it in the dark.
I didn’t want to meet Paul so when he entered the room I (leave).
He (watch) TV when the phone rang. Very unwillingly he (turn) down the sound and (go) to answer it. 
When I (look) for my passport I (find) this old photograph. 
You looked very busy when I (see) you last night. What you (do)?
As I (cross) the road I (step) on a banana skin and (fall) heavily. I still (lie) on the road when I (see) a lorry approaching. Luckily the driver (see) me and (stop) the lorry in time.
When he (awake) she (sit) by the window. She (look) at something in the street, but when he (call) her she (turn) and (smile) at him. 
As they (walk) along the road they (hear) a car coming from behind them. Tom (turn) round and (hold) up his hand. The car (stop). 
III/ Put the verbs in brackets into the present perfect or the simple past.
He (live) in London for two years and then (go) to Edinburgh. 
Shakespeare (write) a lot of plays. 
My brother (write) several plays. He just (finish) his second tragedy. 
I can’t go out because I (not finish) my work. 
I (write) the letter but I can’t find a stamp. 
Here are the shoes; I just (clean) them. 
He (go) out ten minutes ago. 
You (see) the moon last night ? 
The play just (begin). You are a little late. 
We (miss) the bus. Now we’ll have to walk. 
IV/ Choose the best answers: (2 pts) 
The weather was bad, ................... we didn’t go on a picnic.
A. however	B. but	C. because	D. so
The teacher asked me ............................. a passage into Vietnamese.
A. to translate	B. translate	C. translating	D. translated
Martin asked if he ....................... use the phone.
A. can	B. could	C. may	D. must
In the past, people got the ..................... news from town criers.
A. newest	B. newer	C. latest	D. recent
They are watching the news. It is very .................................... .
A. informative	B. information	C. inform	D. informing
What is the ............................ language in your country?
A. traditional	B. national	C. international	D. optional
September 2nd has been considered a great holiday in Viet Nam ......... 1945.
A. since	B. in	C. for	D. from
The police officer stopped us and asked us where ......................................
A. were you going	B. are you going	C. we are going	D. we were going
VI/Read the following passage carefully. Then decide which sentences is true (T) and which one is false (F).
Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, is a city of contrast. It’s an exiting, crowded, modern city, a city that is full of history. Streets of Bangkok are usually noisy and crowded with people selling food, clothing, flowers or souvenirs. Visitors love the river markets, the beautiful temples and architectures and the friendly Thai people.
Most of the year, Bangkok is hotter than any other capital city in Asia, but from December to February, the weather is cooler and more comfortable. Bangkok is an interesting city to visit at any time of the year.
There is always plenty to do there from watching Thai dancing or boxing to taking a boat trip on the river or trying some delicious and spicy food or spending hours at the beautiful beaches.
Bangkok is a modern city and it is also full of history.	
Visitors come to Bangkok only because of the food and the shopping.
No other capital city in Asia is as cool as Bangkok most of the year.	
Visitors can visit Bangkok at any times of the year.	
There is not much to do in Bangkok.	
3/ Homework
	- Prepare for the first term examination.
Period 105:
kiÓm tra häc kú ii
(Thi theo ®Ò cña Phßng Gi¸o dôc thµnh phè Hµ §«ng)
the end